The cost of establishing a new grass sward is an investment that although not cheap, provides the cheapest feed for ruminant livestock. If well managed, grazed grass can supply the energy requirements for 90% of beef cattle and sheep, and 70% for dairy cows.

Selecting the correct grass mixture for grazing is hugely important to maximise the efficiency of the sward for production. Good grazing systems match livestock needs to grass growth. Because grass growth and stock needs vary, measuring grass and adjusting the grazing area and/or stock numbers and supplementary feed throughout the season is essential for efficient grazing management.

Factors that should be considered when selecting a grazing mixture include intended duration, management, fertiliser use, type of stock, soil type and drainage. If, for instance, the field was on light drought prone ground it would be important to include a higher percentage of deeper rooting tetraploid varieties.

The blend of grass, clover and, if appropriate herbs, should reflect the primary purpose of the farm and components such as perennial ryegrass, italian, hybrid, cocksfoot and timothy can be altered for the specific needs and growing conditions of the field.