Kale

A reliable, high-yielding, winter-hardy forage crop suitable for both sheep and cattle. For best results, sow in May or June to allow a long growing season. Adequate seedbed moisture supports quick germination and reduces early weed and pest pressure.

This nutrient-demanding crop responds well to good feeding. Apply 65% of nitrogen at sowing and the remaining 35% when plants reach about 15 cm. Avoid following brassicas for at least five years to prevent clubroot, or choose a tolerant variety if a shorter rotation is required.

Monitor regularly during establishment, as young plants are vulnerable to flea beetle, slugs, and pigeons. Select varieties to match livestock needs, thicker, high-yielding stems for cattle and leafier, shorter types for sheep.